how to use a metal lathe: gap bed lathe machine operations
Lathe machine’s handle operation introduction
Operating Handle Position
Operating position of the universal metal lathe:
1 The main motor “emergency stop” button.
2 The spindle shifting handle. There are three active positions for high, medium and low speed spindles and two zero positions to disengage the drive from the drive.
3 The threaded knob. There are two positions of “right-handed” and “left-handed”. When the spindle rotates forward, the handle should be in the “right-handed” position. When the spindle is reversed, the handle should be in the “left-handed” position, otherwise there is no feed, and the thread is not Subject to this restriction.
4 The pitch expansion handle. There are two positions of “J (basic pitch)” and “K (expanded pitch)”.
5 The spindle shifting handle. With eight positions, 2 and 5 handles, 22 spindle speeds are available.
6 The cooling pump motor switch.
7 The thread type change handle. There are metric (t) imperial (a) modulus (m) diameter section (p) four-bit towering.
8 (A) and 9(B) are the basic set handles for the feed box. Change the pitch ratio of the pitch or feed, and use the 8 and 9 handles together.
10 The double handle. The total pitch is multiplied and the feed is doubled in eight positions.
11, 14 Is the spindle joystick. Operate the spindle to reverse the rotation and stop the spindle rotation.
12 The slide box dial.
13 The opening and closing nut handle. Use for threading.
15 The tailstock handwheel. The mobile tailstock is used.
16 The tailstock quick clamping handle. Fasten the nut for the tailstock. When the tailstock is subjected to a large load, it is generally not used when cutting.
17 The longitudinal and horizontal feed handle of the tool holder. The longitudinal and lateral feed directions of the tool holder and the forward and reverse feed movements are all realized by the handle, and the rapid movement in the same direction is controlled by the buttons of the handle.
18 The small tool holder handle.
19 The main motor “emergency stop” button.
21 The main motor “start” button.
22 The square tool holder indexing and clamping handle.
23 The tool holder handle (middle slide handle). Manual lateral movement (rotated by a thousand handles and extended, be careful when operating the machine to prevent injury).
24 The slide box longitudinal handwheel: Use this handwheel when moving the tool holder vertically.
Three-Jaw Self-Centering Chuck
The three-jaw self-centering chuck is a common tool on a engine lathe, and its structure and shape are shown in Figure.
When the chuck wrench is inserted into the square hole of the bevel pinion 2, the large bevel gear 3 is rotated. The large bevel gear 3 has a flat thread on the back side, and the flat thread is threadedly engaged with the end face of the claw 4, so that the three claws can be moved simultaneously for centripetal or centrifugal movement. Commonly used metric self-centering chucks are available in 150, 200, 250.
Start and Stop of Metal Lathe
1.Check if the Lathe bed is in the correct state. That is, the spindle shifting handle 2 should be in the neutral position (0 position), the spindle operating handles 11, 14 should be in the stop state, the opening and closing nut handle should be in the “on” position, and the main motor “emergency stop” buttons 1 and 20 are in the ” Open “Status (button pop up). After confirming the error, close the main power switch behind the dry lathe, as shown in Figure.
Lathe power main switch
2. Press the green start button 21 on the saddle to start the motor.
3. Rotate the spindle shifting handle 2 to the selected speed gear, lift the spindle control handle 11 or 14 upwards to realize the forward rotation of the spindle; the middle of the control handle is in the middle to realize the spindle stop; the control handle is downward to realize the spindle reverse turn.
4. When loading and unloading the workpiece, changing the tool, measuring the workpiece size and changing the speed, press the main motor “emergency stop” button or 20 first stop.
5. In case of emergency, press the “Emergency stop” button 20 of the main motor to stop the spindle of the lathe.
6. When the lathe is stopped for a long time, the lathe power main switch must be turned off.
The Spindle Box Shifting Operation
The spindle shifting handles 2, 5 can be used to adjust the spindle speed from 11 to 1400 r / min.
The Operation of The Slide Box
1.Longitudinal handwheel of counter-clockwise turning slide box 24，Turn the slide box longitudinal handwheel clockwise 24，and move the saddle to the right. Each grid on the lathe dial is 1 mm.
Operation a Longitudinal feed 150 mm, then longitudinally retracted 130 mm.
Operation b Return 20 mm longitudinally and 186 mm longitudinally.
2.Turn the tool holder clockwise (middle slide handle)23，The tool holder moves away from the operator (ie, laterally into the tool); otherwise, it is laterally retracted.
In the middle skateboard scale exercise, it is required to move at a slow speed, requiring both hands to alternate and move freely, distinguishing the direction of retracting and retracting, and the reaction is flexible and the movement is accurate.
The plate on the plate is 0. 05 mm.
Operation a Adjust the slide scale to zero position and feed in the horizontal direction 2 m m.
Operation b Adjust the slide scale to 25 and the horizontal return to 1mm.
3.Turn the small slider handle clockwise to move the small slider forward; turn the small slider handle counterclockwise to move the tool holder to the rear.
The small skateboard scale exercises require a slow and even movement, requiring both hands to move alternately.
Each grid on the small skateboard dial is 0. 05 mm, and the week is 100 grids.
The correspondence between the face scale and the number of cells.
Operation a Adjust the small slide scale to zero position and feed longitudinally 3 mm.
Operation b Adjust the small slide to a size of 42 and the longitudinal direction back to 12. 5 mm.
The Operation of The Feed Box
According to the vertical and horizontal feeds, determine the position of the handwheel and the handle on the feed box and adjust. For example, if the longitudinal feed is selected to be 0. 307 mm/r, adjust the thread type change handle 7 to the metric (t), the feed box, or the handle 8 (A), 9 (B) to 1, double Handles 10 to III.
According to the pitch of the machined thread, check the nameplate of the feed box.
Motorized Feed Operation
Move the tool holder longitudinal and horizontal feed handle 18 so that its direction is consistent with the longitudinal feed direction; if you press the fast forward button on the top of the handle, the saddle can be moved longitudinally.
When the handle 18 is pulled to the infeed position, press the fast forward button on the top to move the tool holder quickly and laterally.
The Operation of The Tool Holder
Turn the square tool holder indexing and clamping handle counterclockwise 22， the tool holder can be rotated counterclockwise to change the position of the turning tool; when the handle 22 is turned clockwise, the tool holder is locked.
Tailstock Sleeve Fixing
As shown in Figure, the tailstock sleeve fixing handle 25 can be adjusted clockwise to fix the tailstock sleeve in the desired position. Pull the tailstock sleeve fixing handle 25 counterclockwise to release the tailstock
Tailstock sleeve advance and retreat operation
Turn the tailstock handwheel clockwise 15 to make the tailstock sleeve stick out; turn the tailstock handwheel counterclockwise, and the tailstock sleeve retracts.
Fixed tailstock position
Pull the tailstock quick clamping handle 16 backwards (away from the operator), loosen the tailstock, move the tailstock longitudinally along the bed to the desired position, and then move the tail forward (near the operator) The seat fast grips the handle 16 to quickly secure the tailstock to the bed.
Self-centering Chuck Removal Steps
1 Steps and methods for removing self-centering chuck components
(1) Loosen the three set screws 6 and take out the three small bevel gears.
( 2) Loosen the three fastening screws 7 Remove the dust cover 5 and the large bevel gear 3 with flat threads.
2. Method of loading three jaws
When the chuck is installed, the square of the chuck wrench is inserted into the square hole of the bevel gear to rotate, and the planar thread of the large bevel gear is rotated. When the screw of the flat thread is turned to approach the housing slot, the No. 1 jaw is loaded into the housing slot. The remaining two jaws are loaded in the order of No. 2 and No. 3, and the method of loading is the same as before.
3 chuck loading and unloading exercises on the spindle
(1) When installing the chuck, first clean the connection part and refuel to ensure the accuracy of the chuck installation.
(2) After the chuck is screwed onto the spindle, the plane of the chuck flange and the plane of the spindle should be tightly attached.
(3) When unloading the chuck, place a certain height of hardwood block or soft gold between the claws on the opposite side of the operator and the surface of the guide rail, then turn the claws to the near horizontal position and slowly reverse the collision. When the chuck is loose, you must stop the car immediately and then use your hands to turn the chuck down.
4. Notes
(1) When loading and unloading the boring plate on the spindle, insert an iron rod into the spindle hole and pad the bed guard to prevent damage to the bed surface.
(2) When installing three claws, proceed in the counterclockwise direction and prevent the screw of the flat thread from turning over.
(3) When loading the chuck, do not drive to prevent danger.
Method for eliminating the empty travel of the dial
When turning the saddle, the middle slide, and the small slide handle, especially when the rotary handle rotates a few more times, if the handle is simply turned back, the dial is found to be rotating, and the holder is not synchronized. Moving, this is due to the gap between the inner lead screw and the nut, resulting in an idle stroke.
If the dial is rotated a few more times, it must be returned to the opposite direction and then transferred to the required degree, as shown in.
